rack-attack/examples/rack_attack.rb

# NB: `req` is a Rack::Request object (basically an env hash with friendly accessor methods)

# Throttle 10 requests/ip/second
# NB: return value of block is key name for counter
#     falsy values bypass throttling
Rack::Attack.throttle("req/ip", limit: 10, period: 1) { |req| req.ip }

# Throttle attempts to a particular path. 2 POSTs to /login per second per IP
Rack::Attack.throttle "logins/ip", limit: 2, period: 1 do |req|
  req.post? && req.path == "/login" && req.ip
end

# Throttle login attempts per email, 10/minute/email
Rack::Attack.throttle "logins/email", limit: 2, period: 60 do |req|
  req.post? && req.path == "/login" && req.params['email']
end

# blocklist bad IPs from accessing admin pages
Rack::Attack.blocklist "bad_ips from logging in" do |req|
  req.path =~ /^\/admin/ && bad_ips.include?(req.ip)
end

# safelist a User-Agent
Rack::Attack.safelist 'internal user agent' do |req|
  req.user_agent == 'InternalUserAgent'
end